بیوفیلم یکی از عوامل ایجاد عفونت در کاتتر بیماران تحت همودیالیز
کد: G-1242
نویسندگان: Maryam Bagheri ℗, Milad Ghadimi ©
زمان بندی: زمان بندی نشده!
دانلود: دانلود پوستر
خلاصه مقاله:
خلاصه مقاله
Introduction: Infection is the second leading cause of mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis, primarily due to vascular access infections resulting from biofilm formation. According to a CDC report, biofilms are responsible for about 65% of hospital infections. According to the importance of biofilm, this study introduces this factor and its prevention. Method: This review study, using the keywords biofilm, infection, catheter, hemodialysis, evaluated articles published between 2020 and 2024 that addressed the stages of biofilm formation, the role of biofilm in catheter infections in hemodialysis patients, and methods for preventing its formation. Findings: Studies reported vascular access infection in two forms: exit-site infection and tunnel catheter infection. The formation of a fibrinous cover as a defensive mechanism of the body against any foreign object, including catheters, serves as a site for bacterial accumulation. In one gram of biofilm, there are about 1,000 cells that, by adhering to medical devices such as catheters, cause the spread of infection, antibiotic resistance, and the persistence of infection. The stages of biofilm formation are: reversible attachment of bacterial cells to surfaces, irreversible attachment of those same cells, initial cellular growth, and further development and maturation. An adult biofilm is almost impermeable, and the bacteria within the biofilm are 1000 times more resistant than individual bacteria. Nurses can prevent the formation of biofilm by adhering to the following guidelines, Actions such as: Using pulsatile flushing to create turbulent flow, 10cc NS for each line with a separate syringe, heparinizing each line with 5000 units and a dilution volume 15% greater than the line volume, and holding the end of the syringe plunger by hand before clamping the catheter to prevent positive pressure and a small amount of blood from entering the catheter tip and forming biofilm. Conclusion: Nurses, by being aware of the characteristics of biofilm and using simple tips at the end of hemodialysis and catheter washing, can prevent the formation of biofilm and extend the lifespan of the catheter.
کلمات کلیدی
Keywords: biofilm, catheter, hemodialysis, infection
